Located in the northeastern part of the country to the northwest of Hanoi, at the centre of Lô River valley, a tributary of the Red River. The delta formation in the province is called the Tonkin Delta. Tuyên Quang borders Hà Giang to the north, Cao Bằng to the northeast, Bắc Kạn and Thái Nguyên to the east, Vĩnh Phúc to the south, Phú Thọ to the southwest, and Yên Bái to the west.

Mountains occupy almost area of province. The province has natural potentiality of primitive forest and mineral. The main rivers are Lo and Gam.

Influenced by tropical climate, the summer is very hot. There are two seasons: dry and rainy. Annual average temperature is 24oC.

Tuyen Quang owns 300 historical cultural vestiges. The famous one is Tan Trao Historical Site. It was used as a resistance base before the August 1945 Revolution. The main places of interest include Tan Trao Communal House, Hong Thai Communal House and small jungle hut where President Ho Chi Minh lived from June to August 1945.

The province also has Na Hang Primitive Forest. It is home of valuable fauna and flora such as dinh, mun (ebony trees), sen (bassia), ape, panther, flying weasel, antelope, and upturned-nosed monkey.

The sounds of the waterfall, birds and gibbons, and silver light going through the thick layers in Thac Mo (Mo Waterfall) provide enjoyable feeling for visitors.